Echinoderms, defined by their calcitic endoskeleton, unique water vascular system a… 展开

The manifestation of pentaradial symmetry in asteroids is simpler than in other echinoderm classes because it follows a planar organization with the rays extending around the oral–… 展开

Although RNA tomography provides coarse average axial positional information, these patterns cannot be directly linked to germ layers or anatomical structures. To investigate axial … 展开

The organizational modifications to the ancestral bilateral deuterostome body plan during early echinoderm evolution are so profound that even basic axial comparisons with other deuter… 展开

Animal husbandry and tissue preparation
All animal collection and handling was in compliance with US ethical regulations. Adult and young (~1–2 cm wide) P. miniata specimens were … 展开