- According to the Roman scholar Varro, common wheat and durum wheat were introduced to Italy as crops about 450 BC. Durum (hard) wheat became the preferred grain of urban Romans, because it could be baked into leavened bread and was easier to grow in the Mediterranean region than common (soft) wheat. Grains, especially baked into bread, were the staple of the Roman diet, providing 70 to 80 percent of the calories in an average diet.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture_in_ancient_Rome
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Agriculture in ancient Rome - Wikipedia
Roman agriculture describes the farming practices of ancient Rome, during a period of over 1000 years. From humble beginnings, the Roman Republic (509 BC–27 BC) and the Roman Empire (27 BC–476 AD) expanded to rule much of Europe, northern Africa, and the Middle East and thus comprised many agricultural environments of which the Mediterranean climate of dry, hot summers and cool, rainy winter was the most common. Within the Mediterranean area, a triad of crops w…
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Annona (grain) | Oxford Classical Dictionary
网页Apart from the produce of the imperial estates, Rome collected tax grain primarily in Sicily, Sardinia, and Africa, and from Augustus onwards in Egypt; Rome was then largely sustained by this flow of public grain.
The Grain Dole: How Ancient Rome's vital public …
网页The Grain Dole, a cornerstone of ancient Roman social policy, emerged as a fundamental aspect of life in one of history's most formidable empires. Its origins can be traced back to the late Roman Republic, when the …
The Grain Market in the Roman Empire: A Social, Political, and …
网页2006年12月9日 · This book by Paul Erdkamp examines the economic, political, and social influences that shaped the grain market during the Roman Empire, with a particular …
网页Beginning in 123 BC, a century-long era of wide-ranging farming and grain reform began under the Gracchus brothers, Tiberius and Gaius, which determined the course of …
The Grain Market in the Roman Empire - Cambridge …
网页This book explores the economic, social and political forces that shaped the grain market in the Roman Empire. Examining studies on food supply and the grain market in pre-industrial Europe, it addresses questions of …
The organization of the grain trade in the early Roman Empire
网页2006年7月4日 · Rome was an exceedingly large city at the start of the Roman Empire, and it required massive grain imports to feed its population. We argue that Roman merchants …
网页The processing of grain for the city of Rome was hugely important for the population. Romans had to deal with feeding an ever-increasing density of citizens in Rome. As the …
Geraci Feeding Rome: The Grain Supply - Academia.edu
网页The study of the granaries of Rome, Ostia, Portus, Pompeii, Herculaneum, the Byzantine world, the Anatolian peninsula, Africa, and the rest of Italy and of Europe has led to …
